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Processionary caterpillars might seem harmless, but they can be deadly to animals. These creatures, often found in warmer climates, have earned two primary names: Processionary Caterpillar and Pine Processionary Moth Larvae. While they are more commonly associated with warmer regions, reports suggest sightings in the South of England.
Moths lay their eggs in pine trees, leading to the formation of nests that resemble small tennis ball-sized cocoons made of cobwebs. Throughout the winter, these cocoons metamorphose into larvae. From January to April, or sometimes later, these caterpillars become active and pose a risk. The exact timing and intensity depend on the prevailing weather conditions.
When these caterpillars leave their nests, they descend from trees in a distinctive line, following each other. This synchronized movement earns them the name Processionary caterpillars. They march together in search of food, forming lines that can vary from a few meters to 10-50 caterpillars, contingent upon several factors.
Processionary caterpillars secrete an acidic poison capable of inflicting severe harm. Dogs, often intrigued by these caterpillars, may playfully interact with them, inadvertently triggering the release of this acidic poison. The poison causes painful stings on the animals' skin. To alleviate the pain, dogs lick the affected area, spreading the poison to their mouths. This results in severe tissue damage, affecting their airways and respiration.
Notably, cats appear to possess an inherent fear of these caterpillars, and instances of them being affected are rare.
If you suspect your dog has encountered Processionary caterpillars, seek immediate veterinary assistance. Symptoms include excessive salivation and signs of an allergic reaction. The poison can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to shock and even death. Swelling of the tongue is also a common indicator.
In the event of exposure, wear gloves for protection. Attempt to flush your pet's mouth with copious amounts of water and promptly transport them to the vet. It's advisable to notify the vet in advance to expedite the process. Some vets recommend carrying antihistamine tablets when traveling to risk areas to mitigate the reaction before receiving professional care.
If you plan to visit an area with a risk of encountering these caterpillars, conduct thorough research to understand the dangers and locate local veterinary services. Avoid walking your dog in pine tree-rich areas, keep them on a leash, and prevent them from sniffing the ground. Using a muzzle during outings can prevent toxins from reaching your pet's mouth.
While Processionary caterpillars are not currently a significant threat in the UK, measures such as tree spraying can control their population. However, if you travel abroad with your dog, it's crucial to be aware of this potential danger and take precautions to protect your cherished companion.
